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React Context Returns Undefined - Missing Provider

useContext() hook returns undefined even though context is defined. 'Cannot read property of undefined' errors when accessing context value. Context hook used outside provider scope.

Context consumers must be wrapped in their provider component. Using context outside provider scope or with missing provider returns undefined.

Error Messages You Might See

Cannot read property of undefined useContext outside provider Context is undefined
Cannot read property of undefineduseContext outside providerContext is undefined

Common Causes

  1. Context used outside provider component
  2. Provider not wrapping the component tree
  3. Provider wrapping but wrong context imported
  4. Multiple context providers with different values
  5. Provider mounted after child component

How to Fix It

Create context and provider:

const ThemeContext = createContext();

export function ThemeProvider({ children }) {
  const [theme, setTheme] = useState('light');
  return (
    
      {children}
    
  );
}

// In component tree
export function App() {
  return (
    
      
    
  );
}

// In nested component
function MyComponent() {
  const { theme } = useContext(ThemeContext);
}

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Frequently Asked Questions

Where should I place provider?

At highest level that needs context. Usually in root App component or specific subtree needing access.

Can I have multiple providers?

Yes, nest providers. Each one provides different context values to its subtree.

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