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RLS Allows SELECT But Blocks INSERT/UPDATE

Users can read data from table but cannot insert or update. 'permission denied' error on insert/update despite having select access. RLS policies inconsistently applied across operations.

Each database operation (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) needs its own RLS policy. Common mistake is creating only SELECT policy and assuming others inherit.

Error Messages You Might See

permission denied for table insert or update on table violates policy Violation of row-level security policy
permission denied for tableinsert or update on table violates policyViolation of row-level security policy

Common Causes

  1. INSERT policy doesn't exist or uses wrong auth check
  2. WITH CHECK clause missing from INSERT policy
  3. UPDATE policy missing or references wrong columns
  4. Policy targets wrong role (anon vs authenticated)
  5. Multiple conflicting policies with AND logic

How to Fix It

Create separate policies for each operation:

-- SELECT policy
CREATE POLICY "Read own data" ON users
FOR SELECT USING (auth.uid() = id);

-- INSERT policy  
CREATE POLICY "Create own user" ON users
FOR INSERT WITH CHECK (auth.uid() = id);

-- UPDATE policy
CREATE POLICY "Update own data" ON users
FOR UPDATE USING (auth.uid() = id)
WITH CHECK (auth.uid() = id);

Real developers can help you.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What's the difference between USING and WITH CHECK?

USING: checks rows before operation (for SELECT/UPDATE/DELETE). WITH CHECK: validates new row data (for INSERT/UPDATE).

Do I need separate policy per operation?

Yes, each operation (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) needs its own FOR clause and policy.

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