Claude Code performance

Memory Leak in Long-Running Background Job

A background job that runs periodically starts consuming more memory with each execution. After hours of running, the application runs out of memory and crashes. The job itself is correct but something isn't being cleaned up properly.

Memory usage climbs steadily despite the job appearing to complete normally.

Error Messages You Might See

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space Memory usage climbs to 100% after running job repeatedly Process killed due to memory limit exceeded
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap spaceMemory usage climbs to 100% after running job repeatedlyProcess killed due to memory limit exceeded

Common Causes

  1. Large collection (List, Set) accumulating items without clearing
  2. Event listeners registered but never unregistered, accumulating with each run
  3. Database connections or file handles not closed in finally block
  4. Strong references held to completed objects preventing garbage collection
  5. Timer or scheduled task not cancelled, creating new instances on top of old ones

How to Fix It

Use memory profiler to find memory growth (Java: JProfiler, YourKit). Look for accumulating collections. Ensure resources are closed with try-finally or try-with-resources. Unregister event listeners when done. Clear collections: list.clear(). Check for circular references. Use weak references if needed. Monitor memory: jmap -heap PID

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Frequently Asked Questions

How to find memory leaks?

Use profiler (JProfiler, YourKit, Chrome DevTools). Take heap dumps before/after memory growth. Compare objects in memory.

How to fix common memory leaks?

Use try-finally for resource cleanup. Unregister listeners: obj.removeEventListener(). Clear collections before reuse: list.clear(). Use weak references for caches.

What's a proper resource cleanup pattern?

try-with-resources (Java 7+): try (Resource r = new Resource()) { use r } (auto-closes). Or try-finally with cleanup in finally block.

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