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N+1 Query Problem Causing Slow Database Performance
App performance degrades as data grows. Loading 100 items runs 101 queries (1 for items + 1 per item for related data). Database becomes bottleneck with high latency and connection pool exhaustion.
N+1 occurs when fetching parent records, then looping to fetch each child separately, instead of joining in single query.
Common Causes
- Fetching users, then looping to get each user's posts separately
- Not using select() with nested foreign table queries
- Loading related data in component loop instead of upfront
- Missing database indices on foreign key columns
- Eager loading not configured properly
How to Fix It
Use Supabase select() with nested queries to join in single call:
// Bad - N+1
const users = await supabase.from('users').select();
for (const user of users) {
const posts = await supabase.from('posts').select().eq('user_id', user.id);
}
// Good - single query
const users = await supabase.from('users')
.select('*, posts(*)')
.limit(10);Real developers can help you.
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