Bolt api

WebSocket Connection Fails - Real-time Features Not Working

WebSocket connections fail to establish. Real-time features don't work. Users don't receive live updates.

Connection hangs or connects then disconnects immediately.

Error Messages You Might See

WebSocket connection failed Error: WebSocket is closed ERROR: connection reset by peer WebSocket: error during handshake

Common Causes

  1. Server doesn't support WebSocket upgrades
  2. Proxy/firewall blocking WebSocket (wss protocol)
  3. Incorrect WebSocket URL (ws vs wss)
  4. CORS/origin headers missing for WebSocket
  5. WebSocket message parsing error

How to Fix It

Use wss:// (secure WebSocket) in production, ws:// for local dev

Verify server supports WebSocket: check framework docs (Next.js uses socket.io or similar)

Add origin check: allow your domain in WebSocket upgrade handler

Handle reconnection: exponential backoff when connection drops

Test locally: use browser DevTools Network tab to monitor WebSocket frames

Real developers can help you.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Should I use ws or wss?

Always wss (secure). ws only for local development

How do I implement reconnect?

On close, wait 1s then reconnect. If fails, wait 2s, 4s, etc. Max 5-10 retries

What's socket.io vs raw WebSocket?

socket.io adds features (rooms, acknowledgments, auto-reconnect). Use socket.io unless you need raw protocol

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